Infections - Bacterial & Viral
Common Warts
Verruca vulgaris
Very common, especially in children
Yes — by contact and shared items
Yes; many also clear on their own
What Is It?
Common warts are small, rough, raised growths caused by a virus, most often on the hands and fingers. They are harmless but can spread and multiply. Many warts eventually go away on their own, especially in children, though this can take months to a couple of years.
Signs & Symptoms
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Rough, raised, grainy bumps, often on hands or fingers
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Tiny black dots (small clotted blood vessels)
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One or several, sometimes clustered
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May spread to nearby skin or nail folds
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Usually painless unless bumped or on a pressure point
Why Does It Happen?
Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which enters through tiny breaks in the skin. The virus spreads by direct contact, shared towels or tools, and by picking at a wart and touching elsewhere. Damp environments and minor skin injuries make infection more likely. It is NOT a sign of poor hygiene.
Treatment Options
Because many clear on their own, treatment is optional and aimed at speeding clearance or easing spread. Several treatments are often needed over weeks.
SALICYLIC ACID
Over-the-counter acid applied daily to peel the wart away.
CRYOTHERAPY
Freezing with liquid nitrogen, usually over several visits.
WATCHFUL WAITING
Reasonable for painless warts, since many resolve over time.
IN-OFFICE OPTIONS
Stronger acids, minor procedures, or immune-based therapy if stubborn.
Tips for Managing It at Home
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Avoid picking at warts or biting nails, which spreads the virus
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Don't share towels, razors, or nail tools
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Cover warts and keep the skin dry
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Be patient and consistent — clearance can take weeks to months
When to Call Your Provider
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Warts spread, multiply, or don't respond to treatment
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A growth bleeds, changes color, or looks unusual
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Warts are painful or on the face
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You have diabetes or a weakened immune system
Sources & further reading
The information in this handout is based on general dermatology guidance from the reputable organizations below. These links are provided for patients who wish to read more from trusted sources.
American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). Warts: Overview. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/warts-overview
DermNet. Viral Wart (Verruca). https://dermnetnz.org/topics/viral-wart
MSD/Merck Manual. Warts. https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/viral-skin-diseases/warts
This handout is for general education and does not replace advice from your own provider. Always follow your provider’s specific instructions.
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