Benign Growths & Cysts
Steatocystoma
Steatocystoma multiplex (when multiple)
Uncommon; often runs in families
No — you cannot catch it or spread it
Benign; treatable, tends to be multiple
What Is It?
Steatocystomas are benign cysts that form from oil (sebaceous) glands and contain an oily fluid. They appear as small, smooth, skin-colored or yellowish bumps, often multiple, commonly on the chest, upper arms, armpits, and neck. They are harmless but can be numerous, which is why they're often a cosmetic concern.
Signs & Symptoms
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Small, smooth, skin-colored or yellowish bumps
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Often multiple, in similar areas
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Common on the chest, upper arms, armpits, neck
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Oily fluid if a bump is punctured
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Usually painless unless inflamed
Why Does It Happen?
Steatocystomas arise from the sebaceous (oil) gland ducts and are filled with an oily, sometimes odorless liquid. When there are many, the condition (steatocystoma multiplex) is often inherited and tends to appear around puberty or early adulthood as oil glands become more active. They are NOT cancerous and NOT contagious.
Treatment Options
Because they're benign, treatment is optional and usually cosmetic. Managing multiple lesions can be challenging, and options depend on how many there are.
OBSERVATION
Reasonable, as the bumps are harmless.
MINOR SURGERY
Small incision and removal of individual bothersome cysts.
DRAINAGE / LASER
Options to reduce numerous lesions cosmetically.
TREAT INFLAMMATION
Antibiotics or drainage if a cyst becomes inflamed.
Tips for Managing It at Home
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Avoid squeezing, which can inflame or scar the skin
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Understand that multiple cysts can recur or newly appear
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Discuss realistic goals if many lesions are present
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See your provider if a cyst becomes red or painful
When to Call Your Provider
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A cyst becomes red, swollen, or painful
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Rapid change in a bump, or an unusual-looking lesion
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Many lesions you'd like to address
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Signs of infection or drainage
Sources & further reading
The information in this handout is based on general dermatology guidance from the reputable organizations below. These links are provided for patients who wish to read more from trusted sources.
DermNet. Steatocystoma Multiplex. https://dermnetnz.org/topics/steatocystoma-multiplex
MSD/Merck Manual. Cutaneous Cysts. https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/benign-skin-tumors-growths-and-vascular-lesions/cutaneous-cysts
Cleveland Clinic. Steatocystoma Multiplex. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24866-steatocystoma-multiplex
This handout is for general education and does not replace advice from your own provider. Always follow your provider’s specific instructions.
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